The Food and Drug Administration on Tuesday approved a new drug for Alzheimer’s disease, the latest in a novel class of treatments that has been greeted with hope, disappointment and skepticism.
The drug, donanemab, to be sold under the brand name Kisunla, was shown in studies to modestly slow the pace of cognitive decline in early stages of the disease. It also had significant safety risks, including swelling and bleeding in the brain.
Kisunla, made by Eli Lilly, is similar to another drug, Leqembi, approved last year. Both are intravenous infusions that attack a protein involved in Alzheimer’s, and both can slow the unfolding of dementia by several months. Both also carry similar safety risks. Leqembi, made by Eisai and Biogen, is given every two weeks; Kisunla is given monthly.
Kisunla has a significant difference that may appeal to patients, doctors and insurers: Lilly says patients can stop the drug after it clears the protein, amyloid, which clumps into plaques in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s.
“Once you’ve removed the target that you’re going after, you then can stop dosing,” said Anne White, an executive vice president of Lilly and president of its neuroscience division. She said that this could reduce the overall cost and inconvenience of the treatment as well as the risk of side effects.
“As Science noted in its story on the retracted paper, scientists are still debating whether the amyloid theory is viable. The skeptics cite the fraudulent research and lack of a genuine breakthrough; supporters can point to this new class of drugs including donanemab that have led to some improvement in some patients.”
“Last week, a panel of independent advisers to the FDA unanimously voted in support of Eli Lilly’s donanemab, a competitor in the same class of drugs that target amyloid plaques in the brain. The FDA is expected to decide on whether to approve the drug by the end of the year.
Life expectancies around the world have surged in recent decades, increasingly putting people at risk of dementia. About one in nine seniors has Alzheimer’s disease, the most common cause of the condition, which works out to some seven million Americans.”
A healthy diet and consistent exercise may slow decline in some early-stage Alzheimer’s disease patients, according to research published Friday. The study, published in the journal Alzheimer’s Research and Therapy, found that patients in a group who implemented “intensive” lifestyle changes — like eating whole foods, exercising moderately and performing stress management techniques — saw their dementia symptoms stabilize. In the other group, patients who did not alter their habits found their thinking and memory continued to worsen https://thehill.com/policy/healthcare/4711200-diet-exercise-may-slow-decline-in-some-alzheimers-patients-study/
A breakthrough in Alzheimer’s disease The promising potential of klotho
“I have this dream that people might be able someday to benefit from klotho, this factor that naturally circulates in our body, that helps with longevity, that helps with other organ systems and enhances the brain.” —Dena Dubal
Dena Dubal is a physician-scientist and professor of neurology at UCSF whose work focuses on mechanisms of longevity and brain resilience. In this episode, Dena delves into the intricacies of the longevity factor klotho: its formation and distribution in the body, the factors such as stress and exercise that impact its levels, and its profound impact on cognitive function and overall brain health. Dena shares insights from exciting research in animal models showing the potential of klotho in treating neurodegenerative diseases as well as its broader implications for organ health and disease prevention. She concludes with an optimistic outlook for future research in humans and the potential of klotho for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
Getting loved ones who have memory and executive function problems to stop driving can be tricky. These recommendations may help.
“Because symptoms emerge at varying rates, every person needs to be assessed individually,” says Ergun Uc, MD, FAAN, director of the movement disorders division at University of Iowa Health Care in Iowa City. “Some people may retain the basic ability to operate a car but may become lost when driving or feel unsure when they have to make a decision quickly.”
Other problems that could develop include going too fast or too slow, getting confused by stop signs and traffic signals, and having difficulty changing lanes or making turns. If a driver starts getting into fender benders or receiving more traffic tickets than usual, that also could be a red flag. Family members can share their observations with the person’s doctors, who might refer the patient to an occupational therapist, the department of motor vehicles, or a driving-test center that can assess driving skills, says Dr. Morgenstern.
“Scientists believe that Alzheimer’s is caused by the abnormal buildup of proteins in and around our brain cells, although exactly what triggers this buildup is still unclear.
But what we do know is that our risk of developing Alzheimer’s is dependent on a range of genetic and environmental factors. And among these environmental factors are alcohol consumption and chronic stress.”
New research explores why some octogenarians have exceptional memories.
When it comes to aging, we tend to assume that cognition gets worse as we get older. Our thoughts may slow down or become confused, or we may start to forget things, like the name of our high school English teacher or what we meant to buy at the grocery store.
But that’s not the case for everyone.
For a little over a decade, scientists have been studying a subset of people they call “super-agers.” These individuals are age 80 and up, but they have the memory ability of a person 20 to 30 years younger.
Most research on aging and memory focuses on the other side of the equation — people who develop dementia in their later years. But, “if we’re constantly talking about what’s going wrong in aging, it’s not capturing the full spectrum of what’s happening in the older adult population,” said Emily Rogalski, a professor of neurology at the University of Chicago, who published one of the first studies on super-agers in 2012.
Cases of dementia are rising around the world. The disease has no cure, but caregivers and families are finding innovative ways for patients to live with dignity
“Today an estimated 57 million people globally have dementia—about 12 percent live in the United States—and cases are projected to rise to 153 million by 2050. By then, medical and caregiving costs are expected to reach $16.9 trillion worldwide. Numerous factors are contributing to the increase, most notably a growing older population; a rise in risk factors like obesity and diabetes; and worsening air pollution, which, studies show, damages brain health.”
CNMRI: Neurology, Sleep Medicine, MRI 