Category Archives: obesity

Optimal dietary patterns for healthy aging

A recent important study published in Nature Medicine examines the impact of long-term adherence to various dietary patterns on healthy aging.

Utilizing data from the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study – over 100K people in their early fifties followed for 30 years – in the end, only 23% of them were free of 11 chronic diseases!

Primary Message: Eat well and believe the science.

Study Parameters

Healthy Aging
Better Cognitive Function
Better Physical Function
Better Mental Health
Free from Chronic Disease
Survival Past Age 70

Key Findings:

Dietary Patterns: Higher adherence to healthful dietary patterns, such as the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), was associated with increased odds of healthy aging. Participants in the highest quintile of AHEI adherence had an 86% greater likelihood of aging healthily compared to those in the lowest quintile.

Beneficial Foods: Increased consumption of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, unsaturated fats, nuts, legumes, and low-fat dairy products correlated with better aging outcomes.

Not surprisingly, healthy options include vegetables, fruits, unsaturated fats, nuts, legumes, omegas-3s and fish. And surprisingly (you’ll like this!), wine, fast food, fried food for better chances of brain health & longer life!

Detrimental Foods: Higher intakes of trans fats, sodium, sugary beverages, and red or processed meats were inversely associated with healthy aging.

Unhealthy food, as expected, included trans fats, total meats, red meat, butter, margarine, snacks, sodium, processed meats, sweets and desserts, sugary juices, total alcohol and refined grains. Surprisingly, potatoes & starchy vegetables, low energy drinks were net negatives

Click to access full study

Mounjaro – First Medication for Sleep Apnea

Mounjaro (tirzepatide), a GLP-1 medication, not only promotes weight loss and is an excellent treatment for diabetes, it has now been shown to be an alternative treatment for obstructive sleep apnea.

New obesity criteria…BMI out.

“Excess adiposity should be confirmed by at least one other anthropometric criterion (eg, waist circumference) or by direct fat measurement when available. However, in people with substantially high BMI levels (ie, >40 kg/m2) excess adiposity can be pragmatically assumed

People with confirmed obesity (that is, with clinically documented excess adiposity) should then be assessed for possible clinical obesity based on findings from medical history, physical examination, and standard laboratory tests…”

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/landia/article/PIIS2213-8587(24)00316-4/abstract

High Fructose Corn Syrup is Killing Us

Your favorite beverage may be doing serious damage to your health.

Sugar-sweetened beverages may increase your risk for heart disease and type 2 diabetes, new research finds.

Sugary drinks were found to be linked to over 330,000 deaths a year.

A study published in Nature Medicine analyzed global data on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumed around the world from both observational and randomized studies, as well as diabetes and cardiovascular disease prevalence.

On a global level, researchers found that 2.2 million new cases of type 2 diabetes and 1.2 million new cases of heart disease in 2020 were attributable to SSBs—representing about 1 in 10 new type 2 diabetes cases and 1 in 30 new heart disease cases.

https://www.prevention.com/health/a63375234/sugary-drinks-linked-to-death/

Lilly’s Zepbound Beats Wegovy in First Head-to-Head Study

In the first head-to-head test, Eli Lilly’s Zepbound obesity drug helped people lose significantly more weight than its main competitor, Novo Nordisk’s Wegovy.

People taking Zepbound lost 20.2% of their body weight on average after 72 weeks of treatment in the Lilly-sponsored study, compared with a 13.7% loss for Wegovy patients, Lilly said Wednesday.

That translated into an average 50-pound loss for people who took Zepbound, while Wegovy users lost 33 pounds.

PS: Zepbound and Mounjaro are the same drug with different brand names, as are Ozempic and Wegovy.

https://apple.news/Acy6MzE4uRrORN59ldO4FHw

Is this the FDA‘s backdoor to reducing the cost of drugs in America?

This opinion piece by Dr Scott Gottlieb, a Pfizer board member, may be biased towards the pharmaceutical industry 🤔

“FDA’s permissive stance on the compounding of GLP-1 drugs used for weight loss. Initially, the agency cited shortages of semaglutide and tirzepatide — the active ingredients in the popular drugs Wegovy and Zepbound — and allowed pharmacies to compound these drugs under a provision for addressing drug shortages.”

Entering a New Era in Sleep-Apnea Treatment

TL:DR 50% reduction in AHI (apnea-hypoxia index) and a lowering of blood pressure (which may reduce risk of stroke and heart attack!)

Obstructive sleep apnea is one of the most common respiratory disorders worldwide. Persons with obstructive sleep apnea can have loud snoring that is detrimental to social relationships and have breathing problems that result in recurrent nocturnal awakenings, unrefreshing sleep, and excessive daytime sleepiness — effects that together can substantially impair quality of life.

The improvement in systolic blood pressure that was seen with tirzepatide was substantially larger than effects seen with CPAP therapy alone7 and indicate that tirzepatide may be an attractive option for those patients who seek to reduce their cardiovascular risk

The initial results from the SURMOUNT-OSA trial show the usefulness of tirzepatide as an adjunctive treatment to address coexisting obesity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Weight loss resulting from tirzepatide treatment may be leveraged to expand the populations that may benefit from second-line treatments for obstructive sleep apnea.

https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMe2407117

Ozempic linked to lower Alzheimer’s risk in people with Type 2 diabetes

There’s growing evidence that GLP-1 drugs, which include Ozempic, Mounjaro (Dr Varipapa’s favorite), Zepbound and Wegovy, may benefit the brain.

Semaglutide, the active ingredient in Ozempic and Wegovy, appeared to reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease in people with Type 2 diabetes, according to a study published Thursday in the journal Alzheimer’s & Dementia.    

The study adds to evidence that GLP-1 drugs — the class of medications that also includes Mounjaro and Zepbound — may benefit the brain.

https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/ozempic-linked-lower-alzheimers-risk-people-type-2-diabetes-rcna176821

Mounjaro for Sleep Apnea

Among persons with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea and obesity, tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound) reduced the AHI, body weight, hypoxic burden, hsCRP concentration, and systolic blood pressure and improved sleep-related patient-reported outcomes. 

Why do obesity drugs seem to treat so many other ailments?

“Curbing addiction isn’t the only potential extra benefit of GLP-1 drugs.

Mounjaro Zepbound Ozempic Wegovy

Other studies have suggested they can reduce the risk of death, strokes and heart attacks for people with cardiovascular disease or chronic kidney ailments, ease sleep apnea symptoms and even slow the development of Parkinson’s disease. There are now hundreds of clinical trials testing the drugs for these conditions and others as varied as fatty liver disease, Alzheimer’s disease, cognitive dysfunction and HIV complications.”

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-03074-1